Economic Highlights
New Delhi, 9 July
2012
Economic Gloom
RAINBOW IN
HORIZON
By Shivaji
Sarkar
India has reason
to cheer. Thanks to some joyous words on the economy by the UN Conference of
Trade and Development (UNCTAD) World Investment Report (WIR) and global
corporates. They envisage the financial system’s stabilisation and flow of foreign
direct investment (FDI), notwithstanding, fears of Euro zone’s downslide.
Importantly, India has emerged as one of the major
countries with higher investment outflow wherein at least eight large companies
have made investments abroad aggregating $ 15 billion. There has also been a
rise in overseas Greenfield
projects, particularly in attractive industries, metal, metal products and
business services.
Add to this, FDI inflows reached $ 32 billion against
$ 24 billion a year ago, an increase of 33 per cent. Today, India is fast emerging as the third most
preferable investment destination, after China and US, according to a survey
of 179 global companies. This has changed the outlook of South Asia whereby larger
FDI flows are noticed also in Iran,
Pakistan and Bangladesh. The
only other countries too have attracted significant FDI volumes are Australia and New Zealand.
Inflows to Europe which had declined until 2010, showed
a turnaround while robust recovery of flows to the US continued. In fact, global FDI
flows exceeded the pre-crisis level in 2011, reaching $ 1.5 trillion despite
turmoil in the global economy. However, it still remained about 23 per cent
below the 2007 peak of $ 2 trillion.
Besides, overall the global outlook is considered more
positive, not the worst scenario as was being predicted in some quarters, states
UNCTAD. True, a severe European crisis could change this. Nevertheless, India has
nothing to worry. A Euro crisis could dent its growth but not the overall
stability and outlook.
The perception of corporates is that regardless of the
present problems, the country is poised to grow. Last year investments in 600 Greenfield projects have
risen compared to 422 in 2010. Some big companies like IKEA, Coke etc have
announced big investment proposals.
According to UNESCAP’s Chief Economist Nagesh Kumar,
the 2011 momentum should continue in 2012. His surmise is based on the first
quarter trends of Indian economy and its potential for higher investment. The
most positive aspect is the country’s market size, considered one of the
largest.
The WIR calls for an enabling atmosphere to achieve
this potential. It finds that India’s
efforts are in the positive direction as it continues to negotiate for free
trade agreements and regional trade agreements.
Another positive aspect is that at the peak of the
20008 global crises, the country did not impose curbs or restrictions of any
sort. Most countries across the globe, especially in Europe
and US announced many cut backs. The US took steps to withdraw big
investments that it had made beyond its shores. In addition, the banking
crisis, like the, latest of Barclays in UK, is sending ripples through many
economies. But Indian banks are found to be doing better.
Significantly, New
Delhi is reviewing many bilateral treaties as they are
fraught with risks. Already, some companies like tobacco giant Philip Morris
have demanded billions of dollars compensation from Uruguay
and Australia
on the grounds that the steps taken by these companies had hit its business.
Another Swedish company has demanded similar compensation from Germany
for its decision to close down nuclear plants.
Pertinently, India’s bid to review bilateral
treaties is being seen in positive light. A balanced framework is being adopted
to strengthen the country’s development dimension. The proposed FTA with the European
Union is also fraught with risks. There are many questions that it raises for
the pharmaceutical sector. As this might affect affordability of drugs and
medicines in the country. Ditto, is the
case vis-à-vis the automobile sector.
Nonetheless, India’s
quest for safeguards is being taken favourably by global corporate.
The efforts of Reserve Bank of India
to check short-term speculative foreign institutional investments are being
considered as a safeguard against portfolio investment. Given that such
short-term measures cause upheaval in the local markets and lead to
uncertainties. In this light, what is being termed as the crisis at the Indian stock
market is being viewed as a step to stabilise the economy. This has increased
FDI’s attractiveness. Whereby, it is the present trend would continue during
the next two years for India.
Another reason for such optimism is the holding of
large cash by corporates world-wide particularly in US and Europe.
But, if the crisis continues for some more time in the West, these companies might
look for other avenues to invest in, particularly, India’s freer economy. Though, it
is feared that China
with more aggressive posturing might bag a sizeable party of the global kitty.
Further, the West is also grappling with the problem
of trust deficit in corporate governance. Since 2008, a number of large
conglomerates have revealed this. Undeniably, this will be the challenge of
2012. Worse, with more skeletons tumbling out of the cupboard, it is shaking
the confidence of the people and gives the economy jitters.
In fact, the G 20 discussions, where India has taken a lead, to regulate
the financial institutions is expected to ensure international discipline. No
matter, such financial profligacy adds to long-term costs, damages the economy
and the consequent decisions on FDI.
With India’s
scenario considered better than many of its Western counterparts many global
players might look towards it in the coming years. It is believed that the
country is in a better situation so far as its capacity to address many inter-Governmental
problems is concerned. Moreover, the country would hope to gain from its Look
East Policy as many future investments might come from South East Asia ---- ASEAN
region and East Asia.
Overall, the prospects for India are bright. However, it needs
to address some critical issues like inflation, high and multiple taxes and
agriculture. If it can address these, growth would not be a problem. Along-side,
it has to empower people with more purchasing power, usher in some policy
changes and reforms which should take a new meaning. ----- INFA
(Copyright, India News and Feature Alliance)
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