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INDIA Bloc Unity: MVA PACT FOR BETTER OR WORSE?, By Insaf, 13 April 2024 |
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Round
The States
New
Delhi, 13 April 2024
INDIA Bloc Unity
MVA PACT FOR BETTER OR WORSE?
By Insaf
Is it ‘one
step forward, two steps back’ for Maharashtra’s MVA? After months of
negotiations, the three partners finally made progress and sealed a
seat-sharing pact on Tuesday. The INDIA bloc should be relieved with at least
this united step forward, in the crucial state. But will it help achieve the
cause -- of defeating the common enemy, BJP, or will it put the partnership
further behind in the numbers game they thought they had made progress? Notably,
Congress ‘strategically stepped back’ and dropped its claims on few ‘winning’
seats and went along with Shiv Sena-Uddhav Balasaheb Thackeray reasoning of the
need to be ‘magnanimous.’ Of the 48 Lok Sabha constituencies, SS-UBT managed the
biggest slice with 21 seats, Congress 17 seats, and NCP-Sharadchandra Pawar 10
seats. While Congress has assured supporting MVA candidates, it must be keeping
fingers crossed no rebellion takes shape in Mumbai, Sangli and Bhiwandi as
discontent is said to be brewing among local leaders. Besides, five years back,
Congress had got 26 seats in its seat-sharing with NCP, but today has had to
give up bigger space to the allies.
The grand
old party decided it was time to stop the back and forth and get down to
campaigning as elections, in five phases, begin next week, April 19 till May
20. How it pans out is worth a watch as ‘entertainment’ is assured, not between
breakaway SS and NCP groups (such as Ajit Pawar seeking support for his wife,
against senior Pawar’s MP daughter in Baramati), but with MNS chief Raj
Thackeray announcing his unconditional support for BJP-led ‘Mahayuti’ alliance,
will address rallies in Modi’s support! While the alliance is happy as it lessens
‘possibility’ of vote cutting, MNS cadres are seeing red. Many have resigned in
protest questioning Raj saheb’s U-turn after 2019 (a bitter critic of Modi
since). Though the party hasn’t made a mark, Uddhav group takes an interesting dig
saying an outfit ‘formed to safeguard Maharashtra pride backs its enemies.’ Applicable
to it too, perhaps, but in the end it’s the voter who shall give the verdict
whose their enemy.
* * * *
Delhi’s
‘Agnipariksha’
The
Delhi high political drama continues to hit front pages. Other than High Court upholding
AAP Chief Minister Kejriwal’s arrest in liquor excise scam saying ED was left
with “little option” after he skipped repeated summons, 24 hours later, his
minister Raaj Kumar Anand resigned from both Cabinet and party. He alleged: ‘party
is mired in graft and has no moral right to continue in government, and Dalits
have no place in party and feel cheated.’ Instead of rubbishing it, AAP reacted:
his action has ‘vindicated’ our stand that Kejriwal’s arrest was aimed at ‘finishing
the party’ and BJP was using ED and CBI to “break our ministers and MLAs”
(though Anand denies any ED pressure). Indeed, it’s ‘agnipariksha’ for
AAP flock. Kejriwal has approached Supreme Court pleading for urgent hearing
for his release by declaring the case against him ‘illegal,’ claiming his
arrest is “an unprecedented assault on tenets of democracy, free and fair
elections and federalism, both of which form significant constituents of basic
structure of Constitution.” Convincing or not?
* * * *
Manipur Mood In Camps
A big
question mark hangs over elections in conflict-ridden Manipur, particularly
among the 50,000 internally displaced people in relief camps, of which 24,500
are voters. The N-E state which has boasted of 82% plus polling in 2019
elections, has several civil society groups asking the relevance of these
elections and some even advocating a boycott. A common refrain being if the
government can conduct polls during such times, surely it can find ways to
bring peace and address people’s concerns, as the state continues to simmer
after 11 months of the ethnic crisis. Reports originating say there’s
‘conspicuous absence of posters of political parties, mega rallies, and visible
movement of leaders’ with elections next week (April 19) and 26. So far, only
hoardings put up by local election authorities, urging citizens to exercise
their franchise are visible. Will the State election office’s security
arrangements with 200 companies of paramilitary forces, setting up of 94
special polling stations in relief camps and engaging in confidence building
measures, change the mood and help heal wounds.
* * * *
TDP
No To Telangana
The
Telugu Desam Party has decided to give Telangana a miss and concentrate on wresting
back its turf in Andhra Pradesh. As a member of NDA, while TDP chief and former
AP Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu finalised seat-sharing formula for both Lok
Sabha and Assembly polls in AP, not only is it not going to put up candidates
in Telangana but is yet to decide whom to support there. Apparently, the going
has not been easy for TDP after Naidu was arrested by AP police last September
in a skill development corporation corruption case and though he got regular bail
in November to carry out political activities, there wasn’t time to prepare for
Telangana Assembly polls. However, he promptly sounded the poll bugle for AP
with slogan “Quit Jagan, Save AP” and with his alliance now with BJP and JSP,
urged the people to shower their blessings. His rival, YSR Congress Party President
and Chief Minister Jagan Mohan Reddy, has been equally aggressive in his
campaign and claimed ‘2024 would be last elections that TDP chief will fight’! Time
will tell.
* * * *
Qualms
On Christian Prayer Meet!
BJP-ruled
Madhya Pradesh failed to play spoilsport for a prayer meeting of Christian
community, thanks to the Supreme Court. The event in Indore under ‘National
Prayer and Ministry Alliance’, had got initial permission but the
administration revoked it after some Hindu outfits sought its cancellation.
They complained it was being organised with ‘intent to mislead people of Hindu
community and encourage them for conversion’ and there was ‘strong possibility it
might disturb peace.’ The concerned police station submitted a report on law
and order situation and the High Court when petitioned against the cancellation,
rejected it saying the concern raised by respondents can’t be said to be “unfounded,
looking to various objections they have received from other religious
organisations.” But, on Wednesday the top court stayed the cancellation saying
it was “unjustified”, the petitioner ‘will be entitled to hold the prayer
meeting at 5:00 p.m. today’ (April 10) and directed its registry to convey the
order “forthwith to registrar (Judl.), HC of MP, Bench at Indore, who shall
communicate the same to collector, Indore”. It’s about time the state
government limits itself. ----INFA
(Copyright, India News & Feature Alliance)
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India-Greece Relations: BILATERALISM Vs MULTILATERALISM By Prof. (Dr.) D.K. Giri, 12 April 2024 |
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Round The World
New Delhi, 12 April
2024
India-Greece Relations
BILATERALISM Vs MULTILATERALISM
By Prof. (Dr.) D.K. Giri
(Secretary General, Assn for
Democratic Socialism)
India-Greece
bilateralism received a new impetus in an international seminar, organised at
Jawaharlal Nehru University early this week. The seminar was devoted to
discussing various dimensions of India-Greece relations – history, tourism,
culture, geo-politics, diplomacy, trade etc. In my presentation, while
commending the initiative of augmenting bilateral relations, I raised the issue
of the artificial dichotomy between bilateralism and multilateralism and the
need to balance it.
Pointedly, I referred
to the European Union (EU) as a multilateral regional organisation which is by
far the best example of regional integration. Yet, EU so far has failed in
projecting its political personality to the world. The EU was created not only
as an economic union, but a political player in promoting pluralism, democracy,
human rights etc., the values the EU member countries dearly seek to adhere to.
But there has certainly been a mismatch between these values and the trade
policy they adopted. In particular, EU trade with China has been booming
although the latter is universally considered to be an autocracy and a
consistent violator of human rights.
Likewise, the other
multilateral bodies have failed in their objectives. The biggest of them all,
the United Nations, which was created after the horrendous Second World War, to
prevent the recurrence of wars, becomes a helpless onlooker as the wars in
Ukraine and Gaza rage unabated. The UN certainly has unequal structures, namely
the Security Council which is immobilised by the pernicious Veto exercised at
will by any of the Permanent Five. The reform of structures and functions of
United Nations is another debate we will not engage here.
The point to note is
if multilateralism is being infructuous, it is advisable to focus on
bilateralism. At any rate, while multilateralism in a globalised and an
inter-dependent world should be aspired for, bilateralism lays out the building
blocks. What has been happening is that the quest for multilateralism has downplayed
bilateralism. It is, using the popular metaphor, missing the trees for the
forest. The India-Greece bilateral efforts should correct the fault line in
contemporary geo-politics.
On India-Greece relations,
Amrit Lugun, who served as Indian Ambassador to Greece, narrated the
developments between the two countries from during his time and till today. He informed
that the long historical link between two countries is reflected in a Greek
psyche even today. The former Lt. General, Philip Campose, a strategic expert,
made a meticulous presentation of contours of bilateralism.
The bilateral
relations got a shot in the arm in August 2023 when Prime Minister Narendra
Modi visited Greece. He was doing so after 40 years of visit by an Indian Head
of Government to Greece. Also, significantly, the bilateral cooperation was
elevated to a strategic partnership during this visit. Campose attributes this
sudden shift to strategic partnership to a response to the growing trilateral
relationship between Pakistan, Azerbaijan and Turkey. The strategic partnership
is a logical extension to the said response as Greece has stood firmly with
India on the Kashmir issue and encountering Pakistan-sponsored terrorism.
The second push to
India-Greece relations came from the visit of Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos
Mitsotakis early this year as the Chief Guest on the Republic Day parade as
well as the keynote speaker in the Raisina Dialogue. He made a strong case for
deepening India-Greece relations. He said, “India could not find a better
gateway than Greece to Europe and Greece will have no better gateway to Asia
than through India”. He asked for working on IMEC project – India-Middle
East-Europe Corridor despite the war in Gaza. The Greek PM’s attitude and
statements pointed certainly to the acceleration of relations between India and
Greece.
Building India-Greece
relations should certainly invoke the rich legacy of history involving both
countries. It goes back to 326 BC when Alexander invaded India. The historical
anecdotes suggest that Alexander, a great fighter, had to retreat in the
North-West of India when an Indian king paraded the elephants on the
battlefield. The legend has it that an Indian king from Punjab offered his
daughter in marriage to Alexander to buy peace. That sets a matrimonial
relation between Greece and India. Likewise, many Greeks came to India as
soldiers or traders and settled down forever in this country.
There is evidence of
Greek art and architecture in Indian society and civilisation. In India and
ancient Greece, there were similar allegories and analogies, particularly in
Plato’s Phaedrus and the Katha Upanishad. The image of the
chariot in Phaedrus portraited the structure of an individual’s soul whereas in
Katha Upanishad, it is used in order to describe an individual’s
structure. There were also maritime trade contracts of Graeco Roman world with
South India. The Greek Indologist Dimitrios Galanos lived in India for 47 years
and breathed his last in 1833 in Banaras. He translated Indian Vedic texts into
Greek language and produced a Sanskrit-English-Greek dictionary of 9000 words.
Currently, India and
Greece need each other in their mutual interests. Greece is a high-income
economy and India is a growing economy with a huge workforce and potentially
the largest market in the world. The bilateral trade is low at the moment but
has the potential of growing manifold. Greece is a member of European Union and
NATO, two powerful bodies, economically and militarily, while India is the most
populous country in the world and spearheading the Global South. India would
need Greece to counter China’s influence in the Mediterranean region, for
access to her port and shipping industry and a market, both Greece and EU for
its exports.
Likewise, Greece would
need India for its tourism sector, expertise of Indian companies, investment in
privatisation of public assets and a market for goods produced in Greece. The
future road map for bilateral relations should consist of cooperation on
defence and security issues, connectivity between two countries, cooperation in
ecological security, skilled manpower migration, joint trainings by army, navy,
air force and special forces and developing inter-operability and cooperation
in key areas of special interest to both countries.
That said, the elephant
in the room is, as usual, China. One of the Greek participants asked for
India’s reaction to China having a port in Greece, Port of Piraeus, as India is
also in the process of acquiring a port. The answer to that question is, it is
for Greece to decide whether it would open its strategic space to an autocrat
like China “posing a systemic threat to the world” (Germany’s stated view). The
West – America and the European Union - have created China almost like a
Frankenstein. It is time they decide whether they should neutralise the
Frankenstein or feed it to become stronger. India will inevitably counter
China, Greece and the European Union have to decide whether they will correct
the mistakes of the past or continue with it in regard to dealing with
China.---INFA
(Copyright, India News & Feature Alliance)
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CORRUPTION, CBI AND VIGILANCE, By Inder Jit, 11 April 2024 |
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REWIND
New Delhi, 11 April 2024
CORRUPTION, CBI AND VIGILANCE
By Inder Jit
(Released on 12 January 1988)
The Central Vigilance
Commission’s latest report should make all those interested in good, clean
Government sit up. The report was presented to Parliament over a month ago. But
it has not yet received the attention it deserves --- either from the Government
leaders and MPs or from the media. This is despite the fact that the Central
Vigilance Commission (CVC) was set up amid great expectations by Nehru and Lal
Bahadur Shastri in February 1964 in pursuance of the recommendations of the
Santhanam Committee on Prevention of Corruption. Many of us have been expecting
the Commission to be made more effective under Mr Rajiv Gandhi, who has spoken
time and again of an all-out war against corruption. On July 24 last, the Prime
Minister asserted that the drive against corruption would be intensified at the
administrative and social levels. Sadly, however, this has not happened. On the
contrary, even the limited effectiveness of the CVC has been undermined and its
functioning hamstrung. This has constrained the Commission to conclude its 23rd
report relating to 1986 with the warning: “Any lukewarm approach to vigilance
would be a short-sighted, penny-wise and pound-foolish policy.”
To begin from the beginning.
Under the terms of the Government of India resolution of February 11, 1964,
moved by Lal Bahadur Shastri the CVC was assigned three functions: (i) To have
complaints of misconduct or lack of integrity on the part of public servants
looked into and thereafter as may be necessary to advise as to the disciplinary
proceedings or prosecution to be launched. Where disciplinary proceedings are
held, the Commission also advises the disciplinary authority about the penalty
to be imposed, based on its independent and impartial appreciation of the
outcome of the disciplinary proceedings. (ii) The Commission has been given the
responsibility of exercising a general check and supervision over vigilance and
anti-corruption work in the Ministries/Departments and Public Undertakings etc.
and for that purpose receives from administrative authorities progress reports
and statistical returns. And (iii) When it appears that any procedure or
practice in administration affords scope for corruption or misconduct, the
Commission may advise that such procedure or practice should be appropriately
changed.
Importantly, the Commission has
been given the same measure of independence and autonomy as the UPSC. Its
jurisdiction extends to all employees of the Central Government, Central Public
Sector Undertakings and other Corporate bodies. However, ordinarily the
Commission advises in individual disciplinary cases only in respect of Gazetted
officers of the Union Government, SHOS of the Delhi Police; the officers in the
pay scales beginning with Rs 1800 and above in the public sector undertakings;
officers in Scale III and above in public sector banks, the officers in the
scale of pay the minimum of which is Rs 1,760 or above in Port Trusts/Dock
Labour Boards; the officers in the scale of pay the minimum of which is Rs
2,250 or above in the insurance companies and those drawing a basic pay of Rs
1,000 p.m. or above in local bodies or autonomous and other similar bodies.
Equally importantly, the CVC is actively aided by the Central Bureau of
Investigation which was set up about the same time to help investigate corruption
on a systematic and organised basis. The CVC may on its own direct the Central
Bureau of Investigation (CBI) to investigate complaints and furnish reports.
Things worked out well at the
start. The “19th Year of Freedom”, an Indian National Congress
publication brought out in 1965-66, claimed that “the anti-corruption measures
initiated during the last two years have had a significant impact. Many State
Governments have taken similar steps and the drive against corruption appears
to have assumed the dimensions of truly national effort.” The CVC achieved much
with the help of the CBI, which undertook many overdue probes. But the CVC now
finds that it is no longer getting much-needed help from the CBI, originally
conceived as the principal tool at its disposal. The reason? The CBI, according
to the report, has of late been increasingly busy with cases of conventional
crimes, economic offences, smuggling etc. Consequently, the CVC has bemoaned in
its latest report that the special investigative body has not been able to give
its whole-time attention to anti-corruption work for which the organisation was
primarily set up. Indeed, the CVC has not stopped there. It has candidly
expressed the view that “there should be a body, exclusively charged with
anti-corruption work, to do greater justice to this work.”
Appropriately, the Commission
has, over the years, kept a close vigil over the public sector undertakings in
view of the huge national investment and the spread of their industrial and commercial
activities. Surprisingly, however, a brake was applied on this activity by the
Bureau of Public Enterprises in October 1986. It issued instructions that in
future vigilance cases of only Board-level appointees of public sector enterprises
need be referred to the CVC for advice. It said: “In respect of appointees
below Board-level, no reference need be made to the Central Vigilance
Commissioner”. The reason for the change, according to the CVC, appears to be
that since the Board of Directors was the appointing authority for below the board-level
personnel, they should have the power to take disciplinary action against such
personnel. But this stance overlooks the fact that the role of the CVC has
always been advisory and does not in any way interfere with the independence or
autonomy of the public sector undertakings and of the disciplinary authority to
take final decision even in vigilance matters. The advisory role of the CVC had
never been incompatible with the ultimate decision-making authority of the
disciplinary authorities.
The report points out: “The
cases are not few where those responsible for running the undertaking were
themselves involved in financial rackets or that they had shielded those under
them responsible for grave misconduct and wastage of public funds for personal
benefit.” Independence and autonomy, the CVC asserts, should not “be construed
as licence for malpractices and corruption”. Thus, the public sector, which is
responsible for most of the public spending, “should not remain outside some
central vigilance overseeing and accountability to proper norms of public
conduct”. The role of the CVC for overseeing vigilance work as an external
advisory agency, if anything, “need to be further strengthened, particularly in
the prevailing situation when malpractices and corruption of a serious
magnitude continue to haunt the public sector”. The very existence of an
independent central vigilance agency has a preventive value besides providing
the public sector with such benefits as independent professional advice on
vigilance matters and uniform standards for handling vigilance work.
The decision to limit the role
of the Commission vis-a-vis the public sector undertakings not only violates
the terms of reference of the Commission as contained in the Resolution of
February 1964, but also the spirit behind the creation of an Independent
Commission. The Commission is firmly of the view that “this decision of
Government would lead to a big set-back in tackling the problem of corruption
in public sector undertakings and it is a retrograde step”. In fact, the Commission feels that there is clear need “to
strengthen the vigilance set up qualitatively as well as quantitatively in
order to keep a watch over corruption prone areas and corruption prone persons
especially in the public sector undertakings where large investments have been
made”. It finds that the attention paid to vigilance work so far in some of the
public undertakings is “totally inadequate”. The department of vigilance,
in its view, has to be accepted as an integral part of sound management for
improving the financial health and practices of the organisation. “If vigilance
units in the public sector undertakings are headed by officers of experience
and integrity, they would be able to provide valuable assistance in improving
procedures and practices and plugging loopholes in the system, if any.”
The Commission’s report draws
attention to many other points: Evidence of a new five-star culture and
ostentatious living in the public sector. Administrative constraints faced by
the CVC, including the long-standing need for additional staff over the years.
But the Chief Vigilance Commissioner, Mr U.C. Agarwal,
is clear that corruption at the administrative level cannot be eliminated
without tackling it at the public and political levels. Early in 1986, Mr
Agarwal, in a talk delivered to the Association of Indian Diplomats, listed
some of the causes for the fall in standards of integrity and efficiency in
public administration as follows: “The general social climate has become highly
materialistic and no scruples or ethical values worry the people in going
ahead. The spread of materialistic culture has become so widespread that all is
considered to be fair in making money. No means appear to be questionable. The
emphasis appears to be more on ‘making’ rather than ‘earning’ money. There are
increasing number of cases of vulgar display of wealth by the socially high-ups
in their style of living, housing and social functions.”
Alas, little
has been done to fight corruption at the political level. What is worse, a
solemn promise made for fighting corruption remains to be implemented. On
August 25, 1985, the Rajiv Government came forward with its eagerly-awaited
Lokpal Bill to provide for the appointment of an ombudsman to enquire into allegations
of misconduct against public men and public servants and wanted it enacted in
two days. Following protests in the Lok Sabha against rushing through with this
important legislation, the Bill was referred to a Joint Select Committee of
Parliament. The Joint Committee was asked to submit its report by March 1986. However,
this did not happen. Instead, the term now stands extended up to early May this
year… the last day of the Budget Session of 1988. All in all, the powers that
be need to be clear about what they want to do. The CVC’s report, which lays
emphasis on preventive vigilance, is a timely reminder of the gap between
practice and promise. The issue raised in it needs to be discussed in
Parliament. We should remember that Parliamentary democracy is a civilised form
of Government. It cannot survive the depredations of a corrupt administration
and corrupt politicians. --- INFA
(Copyright, India News &
Feature Alliance)
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Unemployment Challenges: CREATION & QUALITY VITAL, By Dhurjati Mukherjee, 10 April 2024 |
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Open Forum
New Delhi, 10 April 2024
Unemployment Challenges
CREATION & QUALITY VITAL
By Dhurjati Mukherjee
Providing
jobs is indeed a big change for a populous country like India with a huge
number entering the labour force every year. Moreover, with improvement in
education, not just general education but technical too, there is an abundance
of job seekers in the country. As usual, guarantees, not just promises, are made
during elections by political parties but there is no direct mention of how
much employment opportunity would be created.
The “India
Employment Report 2024: Youth education, employment and skills” by the
Institute for Human Development (IHD) and International Labour Organisation
(ILO),recently released presents extremely concerning facts on India’s labour
market over the last decade. Each year, around 70-80 lakh youths are added to
the labour force but between 2012 and 2019, there was almost zero growth in
employment – just 0.01 per cent.
The
Reportexamines the challenge of youth employment in the context of the emerging
economic, labour market, educational, and skills scenarios in India and changes
over the past two decades and is primarily based on analysis of data from the
National Sample Surveys and the Periodic Labour Force Surveys. It found that 60
per cent of casual workers across the nation find themselves denied the minimum
wage they are entitled to. “As much as 62 per cent of the unskilled casual
agricultural workers and 70 per cent of such workers in the construction sector
at the all-India level did not receive the prescribed daily minimum wages in
2022”, the report stated.
Labour
economist Ravi Srivastava, one of the key figures behind the Report,
highlighted the systemic exploitation faced by unskilled workers contracted
through intermediary entities. These workers often find themselves
short-changed as contractors siphon off a portion of their earnings, leaving
them deprived of even the basic minimum wage.
Highlighting
the scarcity of quality job creation in higher productivity manufacturing and
services post 2019, the report found that though there was a notable shift in
employment from low-productivity agriculture to relatively high productivity
non-agricultural sectors, the first two decades of this millennium, the
momentum slowed and ultimately reversed between 2019 and 2022. An important
point made in the report is the lack of employable skills, but doubts have been
raised on this issue as work-oriented skills are being imparted, both by
government and private institutions all over the country. It is the demand
constraint that is the key factor in job creation.
As
rightly pointed out by Srivastava and several other experts better quality jobs
are concentrated among youths with a high level of education. It may also be
pertinent to mention here that this education, which is mostly imparted from
very well-known private institutions, are very costly and beyond the means of a
major section of middle-income groups not to speak of the low-income segments.
Thus, quality employment has been concentrated among the rich class who can
afford high quality education to their children.
Another report
of the ILO says “83 percent of jobless
Indians are youth, only 17.5 percent of youth in rural areas are engaged in
regular work, the share of people employed in industry and manufacturing has
remained the same since 2011 at 26 percent of the total workforce, the
percentage of youth involved in economic activities decreased from 42 percent
in 2012 to 37 percent by 2022.
The
Congress, highly critical of BJP has stated, “Modi government promised 20 crore
jobs in past 10 years but snatched 12 crore jobs from the youth”. It’s also
alleged the youth unemployment tripled under the Modi government. In its just released
manifesto, Congress haspromised minimum
wage of Rs 400 per day, employment guarantee in urban areas and Rs 1 lakh with
apprenticeship to every graduate and diploma holder for one year. The BJP is
yet to release its manifesto.
Theproblem
of underemployment is also related to MGNREGS programme, which is only for 100
days a year but poor allocation by the Centre can provide employment for not
more than 50 days. It is necessary to ensure that this programme should provide
at least say 125-150 days’ full employment, keeping in view the critical
situation in the job front, the government could levy a super-rich tax of one
percent to meet the additional expenses.
Experts
have rightly pointed out that the minimum the government can do is to increase
the allocation for the above programme and also start a similar programme for
the urban sector. There are many jobs that are neglected in the cities that
include waste collection and recycling, helping in road repairs, keeping parks
cleaner, etc. Even after the recent hike in rates of MGNREGS, these are less
than the minimum wage of around eight important states. The well- known social
activist, Nikhil Dey, has pointed out that the minimum wage remaining lower
that the state minimum wage meant denial of basic standard of living to the
MGNREGA workers.
In this
connection, it may be pertinent to refer to a stark reality that found millions
of women work in Indian households out of which over 67 percent have been
employed without written contracts, while 77 percent face violence and 85
percent have no social security, leading to a web of exploitative conditions
that is masked by informality. The official figures, a cruel mockery of
reality, thus miss up to 45 million workers. This vast discrepancy, reflecting
the informal nature of the work, hinders efforts to monitor violations and
enforce legal protections. Government initiatives, such as the e-Shram portal
for informal workers, have failed to make any headway.
According
to the Periodic Labour Force Survey, over 80 percent of these women journey
from rural areas seeking better economic prospects. Around 70 percent of these
women fall in their prime working years and yet find themselves stuck in a low
wage informal sector. It is debatable whether India’s economic progress can
stand on the broken backs and the bruised spirits of these women.
As
regards high-end jobs, reports indicate that in the current year placements in
higher educational institutions recorded anywhere between 35 to 55 percent. In
addition to fewer offers from companies, there are reports of lower salary
packages. In fact, the impact of the global scenario on the educational sector
in the country is quite visible with most government and private institutions
reporting around 20-25 percent drop in recruitment. One can find many
post-graduate students in management or engineering without suitable jobs as
most of such candidates do not want to accept a job which offers a salary below
Rs 20,000-25,000.
The
situation is thus quite challenging, and the government is silent on how it envisages
creation of employment opportunities.Technology-driven manufacturing with
artificial intelligence expected to play a crucial role in the coming years
obviously goes against employment creation and is indeed a crucial problem for
a populous country like India with a huge workforce. It is imperative that with
educational levels increasing the government just cannot ignore this vital
sector and must come out with an effective plan of action. But before all this,
recruitment in the government – both at the Centre and in the states – needs to
be given top priority.---INFA
(Copyright, India News & Feature Alliance)
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Man Our Netas Are Touchy!: HOW MANY WILL YOU PUT IN JAIL?, By Poonam I Kaushish, 9 March 2024 |
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Political Diary
New
Delhi, 9 April 2024
Man Our Netas Are Touchy!
HOW MANY WILL YOU PUT IN JAIL?
By Poonam I Kaushish
One man’s food is another man’s poison. A succinct testimony
to the ongoing maelstrom over growing intolerance for ‘perceived’ disparaging
and derogatory speeches in ongoing poll mania. Resulting in nationwide churning.
“If before
elections, we start putting behind bars everyone who makes allegations on
Youtube, imagine how many will be jailed?” Queried Supreme Court while restoring
bail granted to a YouTuber accused of making derogatory remarks against Tamil
Nadu Chief Minister Stalin and detained by Tamil Nadu Police in 2021.
Emphatically asserting, “Everyone who makes allegations on social media cannot
be put behind bars.”
“We do not think
that by protesting and expressing views he can be said to have misused his liberty….”
Court added while taking note of the FIR filed against him for participating in
a protest opposing Babri Masjid’s demolition wherein he demanded release of
some detained individuals.
Last
year a senior TDP leader was jailed for offensive comments against Andhra
Pradesh Tourism Minister and is facing charges under several sections of the
Indian Penal Code. Controversial Hindu leader Yati Narsinghanand was arrested
in Haridwar for making odious and critical remarks against women 2022 but was
granted bail by Uttarakhand High Court.
In 2021 stand-up
comedian Munawar Faruqui was arrested and denied bail for “poking fun” at Hindu
deities on claims made by a Hindutva vigilante group in Madhya Pradesh. Never
mind, he hadn’t made any statement involving Hindu gods. Leaving it to Supreme
Court which intervened and released him. In
2017, another comedian Tanmay Bhat was booked
for tweeting a meme of Prime Minister Modi with a dog filter on Snapchat.
And how
can one forget a consumer goods giant which was forced to withdraw a Karwa Chauth advertisement celebrating
progressive marriage view featuring a lesbian couple. Or a famous designer’s
“obscene” Mangalsutra billboard which
portrayed a woman wearing a low-neckline dress posing intimately with a man.
Big deal if it aimed to talk about empowerment.
A
clothing brand was accused of “defacing” Diwali by naming its festive
collection Jashn-e-Riwaaz. A
jewellery brand was forced to discontinue a commercial which showed a baby
shower organised by Muslim in-laws for their Hindu bride. Predictably, some BJP
MPs, Bajrang Dal and Yuva Morcha called these “insults to Hindu culture.
Alas, we
have been through seasons of intolerance whereby any film, book or artwork
which pokes fun or is not in sync with our leaders thinking, cause and outlook
is not only banned, vandalized and the offender arrested. Whereby, space for
liberal discussion is becoming narrower shown by repeated incidents of threats,
lynching and banning by self-appointed censors.
Questionably,
is India in an era of political intolerance? Have we lost the ability to accept
criticism? Bordering on a narcissist phobia? Is it mere coincidence or a sign
of an increasingly knee-jerk, reactionary country where one is forced to go
public about a frown, removal from job or punishment?
Is the
polity afraid of clash of ideas in public life? Is Government, Centre or State
crushing free expression, suppressing dissent? Are we so paranoid or intolerant
that any outpouring is viewed as a threat? Underscoring the narrow-minded
climate of political discourse we live in.
Obversely, does criticism of Government or leader
connotate putting a person behind bars? Is this a Government’s way of teaching
us a lesson in rashtra prem and desh bhakti? Do we want to produce
robots who only act at the command of what their leaders and chela thinkers, benefactors and wealth
creators’ desire?
Either
way, India is in the grip of self-styled chauvinism wherein critics,
intellectuals or hoi polloi are soft
targets with imprudent reactions taking over debates and calibrated
decisions. Life is lived in the slim
strip called official and every tweet, satire or defiance treated as a monster.
Big deal if this makes public discourse impoverished and toothless.
As
blinkered, dogma-ridden debates rage on it marks a dangerous political trend of
intolerance vis-à-vis freedom of
expression and personal choices. If this trend goes unchecked society will get
dangerously dogmatic and fragmented. Think. As India marches ahead,
enroute to being Atmanirbhar our
leaders need to realize in a mammoth one billion plus country there would be a
billion views and one is free not accepting views of others as it is a matter
of perception. A statement objectionable to a person might be normal to
another. cannot curtail people’s fundamental rights. At the same time we need to desist from acerbic and
speeches which spew hatred and narrow-mindedness.
Clearly, one cannot curtail people’s fundamental
rights. So do we pander to rabble rousers or muzzle their voices? No. Notably,
no licence should be given to anyone to spread hatred or the perilous
implications of their insidious out-pourings. They need to realise a nation is
primarily a fusion of minds and hearts and secondarily a geographical entity.
Besides, courts safeguard this right whereby citizens
enjoy fundamental right to have different opinions, criticize Government
actions and express disagreement with judicial pronouncements. The aim should be to raise the bar on public
discourse, not lower it any more than has been done.
Alongside,
our netas need to realize criticism
is a sign of a thriving and robust democracy. Take a lesson from leaders
world-wide who are more tolerant about what’s written or depicted about them.
Two classic examples of political freedom are former US President Trump who
continues to be mercilessly satirized globally and ex-Italian
millionaire-playboy-PM Berlusconi. In UK and France people take a lot of
liberties vis-à-vis their rulers.
Undoubtedly, when taking a final call Government and
Court should keep in mind that procedural safeguards almost never work in a
country where the prosecutorial proclivity to arrest overrides all else. An
example: Police used Section 66A of the IT Act long after it was scrapped.
Moreover, conviction rates languish in single digit underlining the scant
evidence that underpins such charges.
Additionally, the Apex Court’s thrust on liberty and
individual freedoms as guaranteed by Article 19. Certainly, the State must be
able to defend itself for what it considers derogatory and offensive but such
action should never come at the cost of Constitutional rights.
Remember,
democracy is not just a system of Government, it is a way in which evolved and
civilised societies organise themselves; within which people live and interact
with one another; based on the values of liberty, equality and fraternity. And
criticism is a sign of a thriving and robust democracy.
At some
point we need to realize that coercion has a thousand fathers, while liberty is
an orphan. As George Orwell said, if liberty means anything at all, it means
the right to tell people what they do not want to hear. Hence, India could do
without netas who distort politics
and in turn destroy democracy and laughter.
India
was conceived as a democratic rather than majoritarian country wherein all
citizens have certain basic rights. When it
comes to democracy, liberty of thought and expression is a cardinal value that
is of paramount significance under our Constitutional scheme. Our democracy
will not sustain if we can’t guarantee freedom of speech and expression. What
gives? ----- INFA,
(Copyright
India News & Feature Alliance)
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